Georges Braque: influences, peers and legacy

Every connection with its receipt

Georges Braque built Cubism out of Cézanne's faceted Provençal landscapes, the Fauve colour he absorbed in 1905-06, and the African carvings circulating in Montmartre studios. Between 1908 and 1912 he and Picasso worked in what Braque later called a roped-together climb, inventing papier collé and stencilled lettering along the way. This mix traces the sources, the shared studio air of Bateau-Lavoir Paris, and the painters and dealers who carried the language forward.

The Kynda mix for Georges Braque

• Key Influence · Mont Sainte-Victoire by Paul Cézanne (1902-1904). Braque's 1907 visit to the Cézanne memorial retrospective at the Salon d'Automne, following his own painting trips to L'Estaque in Cézanne's Provence, redirected him from Fauve colour to structure. The faceted planes, tilted perspective and passage between object and air in Cézanne's late Sainte-Victoire canvases are the direct grammar of Braque's 1908 L'Estaque landscapes that Louis Vauxcelles mocked as 'cubes'.','
• Influencia Obscura · Fang reliquary guardian figure by Fang artists, Gabon (19th century). Braque was among the Parisian painters buying African carvings from curio dealers around 1907, alongside Matisse, Derain and Vlaminck; Fang and Punu masks from Gabon circulated through Montmartre studios and the Trocadéro ethnographic museum. Their compressed volumes, concave faces and refusal of naturalistic modelling gave Braque licence to treat the head as a constructed object rather than a likeness.','
• Local Roots · Cathedral series: Rouen Cathedral, West Facade by Claude Monet (1894). Braque grew up in Le Havre, where his father and grandfather were house painters and amateur Impressionists, and he trained at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts there before apprenticing as a decorator. Normandy was Impressionism's home water; Monet's serial dissection of one facade under changing light is the local inheritance Braque worked through and then dismantled into planes.','
• Beyond the Medium · Alcools by Guillaume Apollinaire (1913). Apollinaire was the introduction between Braque and Picasso and the movement's first theorist, publishing Les Peintres cubistes in 1913. Alcools, from the same year, strips punctuation and splices fragments of Paris, memory and travel into simultaneous planes: a literary analogue to papier collé. Braque's stencilled letters and newspaper scraps import printed language into painting from the same milieu.','
• Peer · Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 by Marcel Duchamp (1912). Duchamp painted this while the Puteaux group around Gleizes, Metzinger and his brothers was extending Cubism into public exhibition, exactly as Braque and Picasso kept their experiments inside Kahnweiler's gallery. It shows what the vocabulary Braque built at L'Estaque looked like once other hands pushed it toward motion and mechanism rather than the tabletop.','
• From the Canon · Violin and Candlestick by Georges Braque (1910). Painted at the height of the roped-together years with Picasso, this canvas dissolves a violin, candlestick and table into an ochre and grey scaffold of tilting planes where object and space interlock. It is Analytic Cubism at its purest, and it demonstrates Braque's particular contribution: a tactile, atmospheric touch inherited from his decorator's training and from Cézanne's passage.','
• Key Collaborator · Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler by Pablo Picasso (1910). Kahnweiler signed exclusive contracts with Braque in 1912 and with Picasso, buying their studio output and deliberately keeping Cubism out of the Salons so it developed in private. He also published Braque's prints and later wrote the movement's history. Picasso's portrait of the dealer is the visual record of the man whose commercial protection made the Braque-Picasso experiment possible.','
• Legacy · Woman, I by Willem de Kooning (1950-1952). De Kooning studied Cubist construction closely in the 1930s and 40s, and his figures are built from interlocking planes and shifting edges rather than contours. The Analytic Cubist habit of letting a form break open and merge with surrounding space, worked out by Braque and Picasso around 1910-12, is the structural underpinning beneath the violence of his brushwork.','

What influenced Georges Braque

• Paul Cézanne. Braque's style evolved under the influence of Cézanne. (also via Houses at l'Estaque, Mont Sainte-Victoire) “Braque's style began a slow evolution as he became influenced by Paul Cézanne who had died in 1906” (Wikipedia)
• Les Demoiselles d'Avignon by Pablo Picasso (1907). Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (Pablo Picasso) — titan for Georges Braque “Braque's work between 1908 and 1912 is closely associated with that of his colleague Pablo Picasso.” (en.wikipedia.org)
• Alcools by Guillaume Apollinaire (1913). Alcools (Guillaume Apollinaire) — culture for Georges Braque “The artists involved with this new movement, according to Apollinaire, included Pablo Picasso (who represented Apollinaire in his Three Musicians painting), Georges Braque, Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes, Robert Delaunay, Fernand Léger, …” (en.wikipedia.org)
• Le Bonheur de vivre by Henri Matisse (1905). Le Bonheur de vivre (Henri Matisse) — ghost for Georges Braque “The Fauves, a group that included Henri Matisse and André Derain among others, used brilliant colors to represent emotional response.” (en.wikipedia.org)
• Mont Sainte-Victoire by Paul Cézanne (1902). Mont Sainte-Victoire (Paul Cézanne) — titan for Georges Braque “The same year, Braque's style began a slow evolution as he became influenced by Paul Cézanne who had died in 1906 and whose works were exhibited in Paris for the first time in a large-scale, museum-like retrospective in September 1907.” (en.wikipedia.org)
• Fang reliquary guardian figure by Fang artists, Gabon (19). Fang reliquary guardian figure (Fang artists, Gabon) — ghost for Georges Braque
• Trois Morceaux en forme de poire by Erik Satie (1903). Trois Morceaux en forme de poire (Erik Satie) — culture for Georges Braque

Peers and kindred spirits

• Marie Laurencin. Braque met Marie Laurencin while attending the Académie Humbert. “It was here that he met Marie Laurencin and Francis Picabia” (Wikipedia)
• Pablo Picasso. Establishes the close collaborative development of Cubism between Braque and Picasso. (also via Violin and Candlestick, The Portuguese, Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler) “Analytic cubism is a style of painting Picasso developed with Georges Braque using monochrome brownish and neutral colours. Both artists took apart objects and "analysed" them in terms of their shapes.” (Wikipedia)
• Fauvism. Braque is named as another member of the Fauves. “Matisse was recognised as a leader of the Fauves, along with André Derain; the two were friendly rivals, each with his own followers. Other members were Georges Braque , Raoul Dufy , and Maurice de Vlaminck .” (Wikipedia)
• Henri Matisse. Le Port de l'Estaque (Georges Braque) — peer for Henri Matisse (via Le Port de l'Estaque, Le Bonheur de vivre) “Other members were Georges Braque, Raoul Dufy, and Maurice de Vlaminck.” (en.wikipedia.org)
• Cubism. The article identifies Braque as a leader of Cubism. “some prominent young painters were experimenting with an art form that would later be known as Cubism , a movement led by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque .” (Wikipedia)
• Francis Picabia. Braque met Francis Picabia while attending the Académie Humbert. “It was here that he met Marie Laurencin and Francis Picabia” (Wikipedia)
• Le Chant des morts by Pierre Reverdy (1948). Le Chant des morts (Pierre Reverdy) — collaborator for Georges Braque “1918 Les Ardoises du toit, illustrated by Georges Braque (Birault).” (en.wikipedia.org)
• Galerie Jacques Bonjean. Dior's gallery exhibited works by Braque. “the Galerie Jacques Bonjean, which exhibited works by, among others, Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, and Henri Matisse” (Wikipedia)
• Othon Friesz. Braque worked closely with Friesz to develop a subdued Fauvist style. “Braque worked most closely with the artists Raoul Dufy and Othon Friesz , who shared Braque's hometown of Le Havre , to develop a somewhat more subdued Fauvist style.” (Wikipedia)
• Aldo Crommelynck. Braque collaborated with printmaker Aldo Crommelynck on the L'Ordre des Oiseaux series. “In 1962 Braque worked with master printmaker Aldo Crommelynck to create his series of etchings and aquatints titled L'Ordre des Oiseaux” (Wikipedia)
• Maria Lani (1905). States Braque painted Maria Lani. “Such painters as Henri Matissr, Georges Braque,” (The Daily Record (Dunn, N.C.))
• Fernand Mourlot. Braque is credited with connecting Picasso to printer Fernand Mourlot, and his own lithographs were produced there. “Braque, along with Matisse, is credited for introducing Pablo Picasso to Fernand Mourlot” (Wikipedia)
• Juan Gris. Braque formed a close friendship with fellow Cubist Juan Gris during his recovery from injury. “During his recovery he became a close friend of the cubist artist Juan Gris” (Wikipedia)
• Gertrude Stein. Braque is listed among the attendees at Stein's salon. “Jane Peterson , Carl Van Vechten , Henri Matisse and Georges Braque . [ 4 ] Saturday evenings had been set as the fixed day and time for formal congregation” (Wikipedia)
• Raoul Dufy. Braque worked closely with Dufy to develop a subdued Fauvist style. “Braque worked most closely with the artists Raoul Dufy and Othon Friesz , who shared Braque's hometown of Le Havre , to develop a somewhat more subdued Fauvist style.” (Wikipedia)
• Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 by Marcel Duchamp (1912). Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 (Marcel Duchamp) — peer for Georges Braque “All his decisions in the artistic execution of the work rest with pure intuition and cannot be translated into a self-analysis, spoken or written, or even thought out." Duchamp is commonly regarded, along with Pablo Picasso and Georges B…” (en.wikipedia.org)
• French and American contemporary art exhibit. Braque's work is included in the exhibit collection. “the collec tion boasts creations of G. Apple igate, J. G. Bakos, Paul Cezanne, Georges Braque, Andre Derain” (The Seattle Star (Seattle, Wash.))
• Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler by Pablo Picasso (1910). Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler (Pablo Picasso) — collaborator for Georges Braque “Braque's work between 1908 and 1912 is closely associated with that of his colleague Pablo Picasso.” (en.wikipedia.org)
• Le Bateau-Lavoir studio photographs and the Montmartre circle: Portrait of Ambroise Vollard by Pablo Picasso (1910). Le Bateau-Lavoir studio photographs and the Montmartre circle: Portrait of Ambroise Vollard (Pablo Picasso) — geography for Georges Braque “Braque's work between 1908 and 1912 is closely associated with that of his colleague Pablo Picasso.” (en.wikipedia.org)
• The City by Fernand Léger (1919). The City (Fernand Léger) — peer for Georges Braque “The paintings taken were Le pigeon aux petits pois (The Pigeon with the Peas) by Pablo Picasso, La Pastorale by Henri Matisse, L'Olivier Près de l'Estaque (Olive Tree near Estaque) by Georges Braque, La Femme à l'Éventail (Woman with a F…” (en.wikipedia.org)
• Cathedral series: Rouen Cathedral, West Facade by Claude Monet (1894). Cathedral series: Rouen Cathedral, West Facade (Claude Monet) — geography for Georges Braque

Who Georges Braque influenced

• Woman, I by Willem de Kooning (1950). Woman, I (Willem de Kooning) — legacy for Georges Braque
• Canyon by Robert Rauschenberg (1959). Canyon (Robert Rauschenberg) — legacy for Georges Braque